Products:

Inbiochemicalsignaling,diacylglycerol(DAG) functionsasasecondmessengersignalinglipid,andisaproductofthehydrolysisofthephospholipidPIP2(phosphatidylinositolbisphosphate)bytheenzymephospholipaseC(PLC)(amembrane-boundenzyme)that,throughthesamereaction,producesinositoltrisphosphate(IP3).Althoughinositoltrisphosphate(IP3)diffusesintothecytosol,DAGremainswithintheplasmamembraneduetoitshydrophobicproperties.IP3stimulatesthereleaseofcalciumionsfromthesmoothendoplasmicreticulum,whereasDAGisaphysiologicalactivatorofproteinkinaseC(PKC).TheproductionofDAGinthemembranefacilitatestranslocationofPKCfromthecytosoltotheplasmamembrane.(SeeReferences)
Diacylglycerolmimicks theeffectsof thetumor-promotingcompoundsphorbolesters.
Precaution:SinceshortchainDiacylglycerolsmimiceffectsofthetumor-promotingphorboldiestersinanumberofbiologicalsystems,extracareshouldbeemployedintheirhandling.Treatmentofsolutions,vesselsandotherarticleswith1NNaOHbeforewashingordiscardingwilldestroydiacylglycerols.
Storage:
Diacylglycerolsareconvenientlystoredinchloroformsolutionsinglassvialswithteflon-linedcapsat-20°C.Undertheseconditionsacylmigrationisminimal.Avoidplasticwhenhandlingchloroformsolutions.
Deliverytocells:
Drysamplesofdiacylglycerolinchloroform,usingastreamofnitrogen.DissolvetheresidueinanappropriatevolumeofethanolorDMSO,thendilutetothedesiredaqueousmedium.
Effectiveconcentration:
Mostbiologicalresponsessaturateat20to250µMsn-1,2-dioctanoylglycerol.Onlysn-1,2isomersappeartobeactive.

Data:

MolecularFormula
C37H70O5
PercentComposition
C74.70%,H11.86%,O13.45%
Purity
>99%
Stability
1Year
Storage
-20°C
CASNumber
29541-66-0
CASRegistryNumberisaRegisteredTrademarkoftheAmericanChemicalSociety
MolecularWeight
594.949
ExactMass
594.522
Synonyms
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol
DG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0)